HUGH R. WATERS

SUMMARY OF PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

Hugh Waters is a health economist and specialist in health financing and economic evaluation, with 23 years of experience working with public health programs, both nationally and internationally. His areas of expertise include: (1) health insurance and health financing reforms; (2) economic evaluation of health care technology and interventions; and (3) calculation of the health and economic effects of behavioral risk factors such as smoking, alcohol abuse, and obesity. He speaks French and Spanish and has worked in more than 30 countries.

EDUCATION

• PhD in Public Health Economics, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 1998. Delta Omega Honor Society. Dissertation: An Evaluation of the Impact of Health Insurance on Use Rates and Equity.

• MS in Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 1987. Specialization in International Economics and African Studies.

• BA in Government, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 1985. Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society.

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

Full time Consultant (2020 to 2021); assignments have included the following:

• American Diabetes Association. Review and documentation of the direct and indirect costs of Diabetes in the U.S. – The Economic Burden of Diabetes.

• Michigan Health and Hospital Association. Literature review of risk adjustment methods for hospital readmissions – Risk Adjustment for Hospital Readmissions, A Review of Approaches and Methods.

• United States Agency for International Development (USAID) – completed an assessment of a project for delivery of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) drugs to HIV/AIDS patients in Nigeria

– Assessment of the Pilot Decentralized Drug Delivery ART Model. Milken Institute, Santa Monica, CA and Washington, DC. Director, Health Economics Research

(2017 to 2020). Led research projects and managed staff. Projects included:

• The Health and Economic Impact of Obesity in the United States.

• The Costs of Chronic Diseases in the U.S.

• Policies to Reduce the Prevalence of Chronic Diseases in the U.S. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC. Associate Professor (2014 to 2017); Adjunct Associate Professor (2017 to present). Health Economist in the School of Nursing, with adjunct appointment in the School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management. Taught classes in Health Economics and Health Policy and led research projects. Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 2

Full time Consultant (2013 to 2014); assignments included the following:

• GLG Councils – Carried out in-depth analysis of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) for an association representing business groups; presented summaries of the ACA to employers’ groups and companies.

• Management Sciences for Health – Developed a Health Financing Strategic Plan for the Country of Rwanda.

• University of North Carolina Population Center – Designed an Impact Evaluation for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Feed the Future Project.

• Georgetown University Institute for Reproductive Health (IRH) – Designed and oversaw implementation of a costing project for non-governmental health services providers.

RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC. Deputy Director, Health Care Quality and Outcomes Program (2011 to 2013). Led research projects and proposals, and managed program staff. Projects included:

• Evaluation of health insurance expansion and Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) initiatives under the Affordable Care Act (2012 to 2013).

• Coordination and Management of Shared Savings Program (SSP) Application Process for Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) (2012 to 2013) – Task Leader. Coordinated and led a team of 12 RTI reviewers; ensured continuous communication with Project Officer at the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS); facilitated training of reviewers; provided backstopping for support during the review process; and stepped in for reviewers as needed.

• Evaluation of Gainsharing Initiative (2012). Oversaw data analysis and evaluation of the results of a CMS demonstration project providing financial incentives for hospital clinical staff to reduce overall spending on a risk-adjusted basis.

• Review of Quality Measurement Initiatives (2011 to 2012). Reviewed healthcare quality measures; proposed measures for provider performance assessment by CMS.

• Development of Readmissions Quality Measures (2011 to 2012). Assessed the determinants of readmissions to hospitals and long-term care facilities in this CMS-funded study. Led project component to estimate the costs of readmissions that might be preventable.

• HAC-POA Accuracy of Coding (2011 to 2012) – Task Leader. Led CMS task to analyze hospital claims data and match these with the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review data set to determine rates of true and false reporting of hospital-acquired conditions, and whether these conditions were present on admission.

• Development and Maintenance of Symptom Management Measures (2011 to 2012). Assessed the determinants of readmissions to hospitals and long-term care facilities in the U.S. Led project component to estimate the costs of preventable readmissions.

• Prioritizing Indicators to Rank Hospitals (2011). Funded by U.S. News & World Report. Designed revisions to the U.S. News & World Report methodology for ranking hospitals. Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 3

RAND Corporation, Rand Health. Santa Monica, CA. Senior Policy Researcher (2010 to 2011). Projects included the evaluation of Personal Health Platforms (PHPs) as a tool to improve health care efficiency; an evaluation of a Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) intervention for a provider of mental health services in Los Angeles; health financing reform for U.S. military reservists; and health financing reforms in Qatar and Abu Dhabi. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School Public Health, Associate Professor, 2007 – present (Assistant Professor 2000-2007; Associate Professor 2007-2010; Adjunct Associate Professor 2010 to present). Health Economist in the Department of Health Policy and Management. Conduct research, lead projects, and teach courses on health economics and health systems. Projects include:

• Analysis of the impacts of alcohol taxation on consumption, alcohol-related health conditions, and public revenues (2014 to 2016). Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

• Business Case for Quality (2007 to 2010). Measured the costs, outcomes, and benefits of a quality improvement initiative in Michigan hospitals (funded by the Michigan Health and Hospital Association).

• The Global Burden of Unsafe Medical Care (2008 to 2010). Funded by the World Health Organization (WHO). Documented the burden of disease related to medical errors in clinical settings.

• Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use (2006 to 2010). Funded by the Bloomberg Foundation. Led Health Economics component of the Initiative, including the impact of taxation on smoking and costs related to tobacco consumption – with longterm and extensive involvement in Mexico and China.

• Analysis of health insurance expansion options at the State level in the U.S. (2008 to 2010). Funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

• Development of methodologies to establish the content of minimum health insurance benefits packages, Colombia (2009). Project to assist the U.K. National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE).

• Options to expand health insurance coverage in the United States (2008–2009) – Analysis of cost and coverage tradeoffs. Funded by the Commonwealth Fund.

• Health reform options in 10 countries in Eastern and Central Europe (2004–2007). Project Leader for a team of experts to conduct health sector assessments and prepare analysis and recommendations. Funded by the Center for Strategic and International Studies

(CSIS). This project included visits to all 10 countries and a final conference attended by seven ministers of health from the region.

• Calculation of the costs of secondhand smoke in the state of Minnesota (2006– 2007). Funded by Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Minnesota. Results were used to help pass Minnesota’s Freedom to Breathe smoke-free law.

• Preparation of a book of case studies of health insurance in low and middle-income countries (2005–2007). Published as Good Practices in Health Financing. Funded by the World Bank.

• Project to develop options for expanding health insurance in Maryland (2004– 2006). Funded by the Maryland Health Resources and Services Administration. Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 4

• Project for expansion of health insurance coverage in Ecuador (2004–2006) – Project Leader. Funded by the World Bank. This project included close collaboration with the Presidency of Ecuador and presentation of the final plan to the Cabinet. Full time Consultant, 1998 – 2000.

• The World Bank – Yemen – Health Finance Specialist; part of a team to establish health service provision norms and costs at the health facility level; prepared and analyzed Yemen National Health Accounts (NHA) results (6/99 – 8/00).

• The World Bank – conducted research for the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) health office, including: (1) trends in child malnutrition, 1994-1998; and (2) the impacts of the 1997-99 East Asian economic crisis on health and health care in the region (5/98 – 8/00).

• The Academy for Educational Development – led a joint initiative with the World Bank to develop methodologies for costing community-level maternal and child health interventions (8/99 – 9/00).

• The World Bank – Algeria – Senior Public Health Specialist, health sector assessment

(4/00 – 6/00).

• World Health Organization (WHO) – Prepared analysis and advised on methodology for Fairness in Financing analysis for Year 2000 World Health Report (1/00 – 5/00).

• The Barents Group – Jamaica – Conducted a National Health Accounts study

(InterAmerican Development Bank project; 8/99 –5/00).

• The World Bank – West Bank / Gaza – Health Insurance Specialist for a World Bank health system development project (3/99 – 6/99).

• University Research Corporation – Peru – Principal Investigator for an operations research study using Activity-Based Costing (ABC) to calculate real unit costs of products and services for a non-governmental health care provider (6/98 – 8/99).

• Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health – Panama – Conducted a study of costs, demand, and productivity in Ministry of Health and Social Security hospitals and health centers (9/98 – 8/99).

• Abt Associates – Dominican Republic – Analyzed the effects of proposed social security and health insurance reforms on equity, efficiency, and financial sustainability

(9/98 – 10/98).

• BHM International – Morocco – Prepared an assessment of the private health sector, including a financial sustainability analysis (8/98 – 9/98). Part time Consultant, 1994 – 1998 (during PhD Program).

• The Academy for Educational Development – led research initiatives for the Support for Analysis and Research in Africa (SARA) Project.

• The World Bank – conducted research for the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) health office, using household survey data from Indonesia, including: (1) analysis of trends in child malnutrition, 1994-1998; (2) health sector financing analysis; and (3) an assessment of pricing and sustainability for family planning products and services (2/96 – 5/98). Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 5

• The World Bank – Peru – Conducted a study of productivity and equity in Ministry of Health facilities (12/97 – 3/98).

• BHM International – Ecuador – Health Financing Specialist for evaluation of a USAID Child Survival project (10/97 – 11/97).

• Johns Hopkins School of Public Health – Ecuador – Developed a strategy for the implementation of user charges in Ministry of Health hospitals in Ecuador, and designed household and patient satisfaction surveys to evaluate the effects these charges of fees as part of a World Bank health sector reform project (9/95 – 1/97).

• Basic Support for the Institutionalization of Child Survival (BASICS) Project – Niger

– Evaluated national program for the integrated case management of childhood diseases (12/96).

• BASICS Project – Guinea – Supervised the collection of household and health facility data for a study on equity; analyzed pricing and exemption policies and their effect on the poor

(8/95 – 9/95).

• BASICS Project – Prepared a literature review and basis for research related to equity in the health sector (10/94 – 6/95).

Academy for Educational Development, Program Officer, 1993 – 1994. Developed and prioritized research and analysis activities in the areas of Health Financing and Child Survival, in collaboration with the Africa Bureau of USAID. Organized and facilitated meetings in Washington, DC and Dakar, Senegal to present research options and receive feedback from technical experts and African policy makers. Prepared policy documents summarizing issues and research priorities.

Full time Consultant, 1992 – 1993.

• Wellstart Expanded Promotion of Breastfeeding Project – Senegal – Planned and organized a national conference for breastfeeding promotion with the Ministry of Health (12/94).

• Wellstart Project – Senegal – Developed a maternal and child nutrition project (10-11/93).

• Management Sciences for Health – Haiti – Designed a project for the social marketing of oral rehydration salts (6/93).

• Management Sciences for Health – Morocco – Prepared an implementation plan for a USAID-financed intervention for the Control of Diarrheal Diseases (CDD) (1/93).

• John Snow, Incorporated – Morocco – Designed an intervention to support Ministry of Health CDD program (5/93).

• WHO – Morocco – Focused Program Review of the National CDD Program (11/92 – 12/92). Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 6

Management Sciences for Health, Cameroon Country Representative, 1990 – 1993. Provided technical and management assistance to the Cameroon Ministry of Health National Program for the Control of Diarrheal Diseases (CDD). Worked closely with Ministry officials at central and provincial levels, and with representatives of donors and non-governmental organizations, to plan and implement CDD Program activities, including training health workers, distributing oral rehydration salts (ORS) within cost recovery systems, and promoting ORS through social marketing. Organized evaluations of health center and home-based treatment of childhood diarrhea. Management Sciences for Health, Senior Program Assistant, 1988 – 1990. Provided financial oversight and logistical support for programs in Asia, Latin America and Africa. Designed and maintained computerized tracking systems for project funding, expenditures and activities. Maintained close contact with field representatives to resolve financial and logistical issues.

International Organization for Migration, Refugee Relocation Assistant, Nairobi, Kenya, 1987- 1988. Worked with United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and with the Canadian, Swedish and U.S. Embassies to relocate refugees. Ensured proper visa and health documentation for each refugee, and provided orientation concerning new homeland. AWARDS AND HONORS

• Advising, Mentoring and Teaching Recognition Award (AMTRA), JHSPH, 2006.

• Delta Omega Honor Society, Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, 1999.

• Dissertation grant received from the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, 1997–98.

• Graduated with distinction, Georgetown University, 1987.

• Nabisco Brands Scholarship for Interest and Promise in the Field of International Public Affairs, Georgetown University, 1986.

• Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society, College of William and Mary, 1985.

• Koenig-Nimmo Foreign Service Scholarship, College of William and Mary, 1985. LANGUAGES

• Fluent French; intermediate Spanish.

PUBLICATIONS

Peer-reviewed Journal Articles

(1) Waters, H., and A. Adewole (2018). The Health and Economic Implications of the Use of Tanning Devices. Journal of Cancer Policy, Vol. 17, pp. 45-50. Available here.

(2) Morgan, R., Ensor, T., and H. Waters (2016). Performance of Private Sector Health Care: Implications for Universal Health Coverage. The Lancet, Vol. 388, No. 10044, pp. 606-612. Available here.

Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 7

(3) Esser, M., Waters, H., Smart, M., and Jernigan, D. (2016) Impact of Maryland’s 2011 Alcohol Sales Tax Increase on Alcoholic Beverage Sales. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 404-411. Available here.

(4) Jha, A.K., Larizgoitia, I., Audera-Lopez, C., Waters, H., Bates, D.W. (2013). The Global Burden of Unsafe Medical Care: Analytic Modeling of Observational Studies. British Medical Journal (BMJ), Vol. 22, No. 10, pp. 809-15.

(5) Lefevre, A., Shillcutt, S.D., Waters, H.R., Haider, Sabbir, El-Arifeen, Shams, Mannan, Ishtiaq, Shah, Seraji, Darmstadt, G.L., Wall, Steve N., Williams, Emma K., Black, R., Santosham, M., and Baqui, A. (2013). Economic Evaluation of Neonatal Care Packages in a Cluster- Randomized Controlled Trial in Sylhet, Bangladesh. WHO Bulletin, Vol. 91, pp. 736-745.

(6) Waters, H., Korn, R., Colantuoni, E., Berenholtz, S., Goeschel, C., Needham, D., Pham, J.C., Lipitz-Snyderman, A., Watson, S.R., Posa, P., and Pronovost, P.J. (2011). The Business Case for Quality: Economic Analysis of the Michigan Keystone Patient Safety Program in ICUs. American Journal of Medical Quality, Vol. 26, No. 5, pp. 333-339.

(7) Donaldson, E. A., Waters, H. R., Arora, M., Varghese, B., Dave, P., and Modi, B. (2011). A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of India’s 2008 Prohibition of Smoking in Public Places in Gujarat. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 1271-1286.

(8) Plescia, M., Wansink, D., Waters, H. R., and Herndon, S. (2011). Medical Costs of Secondhand-Smoke Exposure in North Carolina. North Carolina Medical Journal, Vol. 72, No. 1, pp. 7-12.

(9) López, Carlos M., Ruiz, J. A., Shigematsu, L. M., and Waters, H. R. (2011). The Economic Impact of Mexico City’s Smoke-Free law. Tobacco Control, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 273-278.

(10) Bós, A. M., Howard, B. V., Beresford, S. A., Urban, N., Hutchinson, F., Tinker, L. F., Waters H., Bós A., Chlebowski R., Ennis J. (2011). Cost-effectiveness analysis of a low-fat diet in the prevention of breast and ovarian cancer – The Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, Vol. 111, No. 1, pp. 56-66.

(11) Sáenz de-Miera, B., Thrasher, J. F., Chaloupka, F. J., Waters, H. R., Hernandez-Avila, M., and Fong, G. T. (2010). Self-reported Price of Cigarettes, Consumption and Compensatory Behaviours in a Cohort of Mexican Smokers before and after a Cigarette Tax Increase. Tobacco Control, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 481-487.

(12) Faden, R. R., Chalkidou, K., Appleby, J., Waters, H. R., and Leider, J. P. (2009). Expensive Cancer Drugs: A Comparison between the United States and the United Kingdom. Milbank Quarterly, Vol. 87, No. 4, pp. 789-819.

(13) Rao, K. D., Waters, H., Steinhardt, L., Alam, S., Hansen, P., and Naeem, A. J. (2009). An Experiment with Community Health Funds in Afghanistan. Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 301-311.

(14) Steinhardt, L., Waters, H., Rao, K. D., Naeem, A. J., Hansen, P., and Peters, D. (2009). The Effect of Wealth Status on Care Seeking and Health Expenditures in Afghanistan. Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 1-17. Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 8

(15) Waters, H. R., Foldes, S. S., Alesci, N. L., and Samet, J. (2009). The Economic Impact of Exposure to Secondhand Smoke in Minnesota. American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 99, No. 4, pp. 754-759.

(16) Bós, A., and Waters, H. (2008). Determinants of Catastrophic Health Expenditures in Brazil: The Impact of the Public System and Private Insurance. CEPAL Review, No. 95, pp. 125-139. Available here.

(17) Dao, H. T., Waters, H., and Le, Q. V. (2008). User Fees and Health Service Utilization in Vietnam: How to Protect the Poor? Public Health, Vol. 122, No. 10, pp. 1068-1078.

(18) Hussain, H., Waters, H., Khan, A. J., Omer, S. B., and Halsey, N. A. (2008). Economic Analysis of Childhood Pneumonia in Northern Pakistan. Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 23, No. 6, pp. 438-442.

(19) Jiménez-Ruiz, J. A., Sáenz de Miera, B., Reynales-Shigematsu, L. M., Waters, H. R., and Hernandez-Avila, M. (2008). The Impact of Taxation on Tobacco Consumption in Mexico. Tobacco Control, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 105-110.

(20) Waters, H., Hatt, L. and Black, R. (2008). The Role of Private Providers in Treating Child Diarrhea in Latin America. Health Economics, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 21-29.

(21) Waters, H. R., Hobart, J., Forrest, C. B., Siemens, K. K., Pittman, P. M., Murthy, A., et al.

(2008). Health Insurance Coverage in Central and Eastern Europe: Trends and Challenges. Health Affairs (Millwood), Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 478-486.

(22) Weiner, J. P., Famadas, J. C., Waters, H. R., and Gikic, D. (2008). Managed Care and Private Health Insurance in a Global Context. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 1107-1131.

(23) Waters, H., Steinhardt, L., Oliver, T. Burton, A., and Milner, S. (2007). The Costs of Non- Insurance in Maryland. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, Vol 18, No. 1, pp. 139-151.

(24) Hyder, A. A., Waters, H., Phillips, T., and Rehwinkel, J. (2007). Exploring the Economics of Motorcycle Helmet Laws – Implications for Low and Middle-Income Countries. Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 16-22.

(25) Devgan, L., Waters, H., Pronovost, P.J., and M.A. Makary. (2007). A Cost Analysis of Intra- Operative X-Ray Screening for Retained Surgical Foreign Bodies. Journal of Surgical Research, Vol. 137, No. 2, p. 186.

(26) Hatt, L. and Waters, H. (2006). Determinants of Child Morbidity in Latin America: A Pooled Analysis of the Interactions between Parental Education and Economic Status. Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 62, No. 2, pp. 375-386.

(27) Hussain, H., Waters, H., Omer, S. B., Khan, A., Baig, I. Y., Mistry, R., et al. (2006). The Cost of Treatment for Child Pneumonias and Meningitis in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Vol 21, No. 3, pp. 229-238.

(28) Waters, H. R., Penny, M. E., Creed-Kanashiro, H. M., Robert, R. C., Narro, R., Willis, J., et al.

(2006). The Cost-Effectiveness of Child Nutrition Education Programme in Peru. Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 257-264. Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 9

(29) Anderson, G. F., Hussey, P. S., Frogner, B. K., and Waters, H. R. (2005). Health Spending in the United States and the Rest of the Industrialized World. Health Affairs (Millwood), Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 903-914. *The 4th most frequently viewed article on Health Affairs’ website in 2005.

(30) Bishai, D., Kumar, K. C. S., Waters, H., Koenig, M., Katz, J., Khatry, S. K., et al. (2005). The Impact of Vitamin A Supplementation on Mortality Inequalities among Children in Nepal. Health Policy and Planning, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 60-66.

(31) Waters, H. R., Hyder, A. A., Rajkotia, Y., Basu, S., and Butchart, A. (2005). The Costs of Interpersonal Violence – An International Review. Health Policy, Vol. 73, No. 3, pp. 303-315.

(32) Pavlovich, W. Waters, H., Weller, W., and Bass, E. (2004). Systematic Review of Literature on the Cost-Effectiveness of Nutrition Services. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, Vol. 104, No. 2, pp. 226-232.

(33) Pronovost, P. J., Needham, D. M., Waters, H., Birkmeyer, C. M., Calinawan, J. R., Birkmeyer, J. D., et al. (2004). Intensive Care Unit Physician Staffing: Financial Modeling of the Leapfrog Standard. Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 32, No. 6, pp. 1247-1253.

(34) Waters, H. R., Anderson, G. F., and Mays, J. (2004). Measuring Financial Protection in Health in the United States. Health Policy, Vol. 69, No. 3, pp. 339-349.

(35) Waters, H. R., Dougherty, L., Tegang, S. P., Tran, N., Wiysonge, C. S., Long, K., et al. (2004). Coverage and Costs of Childhood Immunizations in Cameroon. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol. 82, No. 9, 668-675.

(36) Waters, H. R., and Hussey, P. (2004). Pricing Health Services for Purchasers – A Review of Methods and Experiences. Health Policy, Vol. 70, No. 2, 175-184.

(37) Waters, H. R., Hyder, A. A., and Phillips, T. L. (2004). Economic Evaluation of Interventions to Reduce Road Traffic Injuries – A Review of the Literature with Applications to Low and Middle-Income Countries. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 23-31.

(38) Waters, H., Morlock, L., and Hatt, L. (2004). How Healthcare Purchasers Can Influence Quality – A Conceptual Framework and Comparative Analysis of Contextual Factors. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 365-381.

(39) Waters, H. R., Rehwinkel, J. A., and Burnham, G. (2004). Economic Evaluation of Mectizan Distribution. Tropical Medicine and International Health, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. A16-A25.

(40) Waters, H., Saadah, F., Surbakti, S., and Heywood, P. (2004). Weight-for-Age Malnutrition in Indonesian Children, 1992-1999. International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 589-595.

(41) Waters, H., Hatt, L., and Peters, D. (2003). Working with the Private Sector for Child Health. Health Policy Planning, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 127-137.

(42) Waters, H., Saadah, F., and Pradhan, M. (2003). The Impact of the 1997-98 East Asian Economic Crisis on Health and Health Care in Indonesia. Health Policy Planning, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 172-181.

(43) Pronovost, P. J., Waters, H., and Dorman, T. (2001). Impact of Critical Care Physician Workforce for Intensive Care Unit Physician Staffing. Current Opinion in Critical Care, Vol. 7, Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 10

No. 6, pp. 456-459.

(44) Waters, H., Abdallah, H., and Santillán, D. (2001). Application of Activity-Based Costing

(ABC) for a Peruvian NGO Healthcare Provider. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Vol 16, No. 1, pp. 3-18.

(45) Makinen, M., Waters, H., Rauch, M., Almagambetova, N., Bitrán, R., Gilson, L., et al. (2000). Inequalities in Health Care Use and Expenditures: Empirical Data from Eight Developing Countries and Countries in Transition. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol. 78, No. 1, pp. 55-65.

(46) Waters, H. R. (2000). Measuring Equity in Access to Health Care. Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 51, No. 4, pp. 599-612.

(47) Waters, H. R. (1999). Measuring the Impact of Health Insurance with a Correction for Selection Bias – A Case Study of Ecuador. Health Economics, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 473-483. Books and Book Chapters

(1) John Tauras, Rowena Jacobs, Frank Chaloupka, Hugh Waters, and Ayda Yurekli. Taxation and the Economics of Tobacco Control. Chapter 11 in: Gender, Women, and the Tobacco Epidemic – Challenges for the 21st Century (2nd Edition), Soon- Young Yoon and Jonathan M. Samet (editors), pp. 207-230. The World Health Organization, Geneva, 2010. Available here.

(2) Anderson, Gerard F. and Hugh R. Waters. Achieving Universal Coverage Through Medicare Part E (Everyone). Chapter 2 in Furman, J. (ed.), Who's Has the Cure? Hamilton Project Ideas on Health Care, pp. 9-48. The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC, 2008. Available here. Also published as The Hamilton Project Discussion Paper 2007-10, July 2007. Available here.

(3) Pablo Gottret, George J. Schieber, and Hugh R. Waters (editors). Good Practices in Health Financing. The World Bank, Washington, D.C., 2008.

(4) Weiner, Jonathan, Joanna Case Famadas, Hugh Waters, and Djordje Gikic. Private Health Insurance and Managed Care in a Global Context. Chapter 29 in: Essentials of Managed Care

(5th Edition), Kongstvedt, PR (editor), Jones and Bartlett, Boston and London, 2007, pp. 655-674. Available here.

(5) Waters, Hugh, Brinnon Garrett, and Gilbert Burnham. Rehabilitating Health Systems in Post- Conflict Situations. Chapter 8 in: Addison, Tony and Tilman Bruck (eds.) Making Peace Work; Meeting the Conflict Challenge, pp. 200-227. Palgrave MacMillan, London, 2008.

(6) Rosenberg, Mark, Alexander Butchart, James Mercy, Vasant Narasimhan, and Hugh Waters. Interpersonal Violence. Chapter 40 in Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition. Jamison DT, Breman JG, Measham AR, et al., editors. Washington

(DC): The World Bank; New York: Oxford University Press; 2006. Available here.

(7) Wagstaff, Adam and Hugh Waters. How Were the ‘Reaching the Poor’ Studies Done? Chapter 2 in: Gwatkin, Davidson, Abdo Yazbeck, and Adam Wagstaff (eds.) Reaching the Poor, pp. 27-46. The World Bank, Washington, DC, 2005.

(8) Bishai, David and Hugh Waters. Targeting or Universal Coverage with Vitamin A? Hugh R. Waters – curriculum vitae – page 11

Costs, Mortality and Disparity Reduction. In: Matlin, Steven, ed. Poverty, Equity and Health Research, pp. 40-44. London: Global Forum for Health Research, 2005. Available here.

(9) Steinwand, Robin and Hugh Waters. Collaborating for Effective Health Communication in Cameroon. Implementing Diarrheal Disease Control Programs, pp. 41-53. Management Sciences for Health, Arlington, Virginia, 1993.

Book Reviews

(1) Waters, Hugh (2005). Health financing for poor people: resource mobilization and risk sharing. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol. 83, No. 3, p. 236. Reports and Manuals

(1) Waters, Hugh R. and Marlon Graf (2018). America’s Obesity Crisis – The Health and Economic Costs of Excess Weight. Available here.

(2) Waters, Hugh R. and Marlon Graf (2018). The Costs of Chronic Disease in the U.S. The Milken Institute, Santa Monica, CA. Available here.

(3) Waters, Hugh R. and Ross DeVol (2016). Weighing Down America – The

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