CONTACT Ahfad University for

Women, School of

Pharmacy, Department

of Biotechnology

P.O. Box 167, Alardah

Street, Omdurman city,

Khartoum State, Sudan

E-mail: adca2w@r.postjobfree.com,

adca2w@r.postjobfree.com &

adca2w@r.postjobfree.com

Website:

http://www.ahfad.edu.sd/Pharmacy/index.php/dr-

hussam-ali-osman-balloula

Phone: +249-*********

+249-*********

- PhD. December 2012 — May 2017

- M.Sc. December 2007 — May 2009

- B.Sc. (Honours) December 1999 — December 2004

Dr. Hussam Ali Osman

PERSONNEL INFORMATIONS:

Gender: Male.

Date of birth: 10/06/1979

Marital status: Married with two children a Boy and a Girl Nationality: Sudanese

National Service Status: Free

QUALIFICATIONS

PhD. (Assistant Professor of Haematology & Immune ). EDUCATION

Alneelain University

- PhD. in Medical Laboratory Sciences (Sub-Speciality Haematology).

- Research title:

{Screening for 3.7 and 4.2 Deletion Mutations in Sudanese Patients Suspected with Alpha Thalassaemia} - Available at: http://repository.neelain.edu.sd:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/7045 Sudan University for Science and Technology

- M.Sc. in Medical Laboratory Sciences (Sub-Speciality Haematology & Immunohematology).

- Research title:

{DETERMINATION OF HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND FETAL HAEMOGLOBIN LEVEL IN RELATIVES OF PATIENTS WITH BETA-THALASSEMIA MAJOR (GAZERA STATE-SUDAN}

- Available at: http://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/3277 Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University

- B.Sc. (Honours) in Medical Laboratory Sciences (Major Speciality Haematology, Minor Speciality Chemical Pathology). Dr. Hussam Ali Osman 1

- Ahfad University for Women, School of Pharmacy,

Department of Biotechnology

July 2017 — up-to- date

- Ahfad University for Women May 2009 — May 2017

- Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of

Khartoum

March 2005 — May 2009

Collaboration with different Universities March 2014 — up-to-date Hospital and Clinical Laboratory work

WORK EXPERIENCE

Assistant Professor of Haematology & Immune.

Duties:

A\ Teaching activities:

1- Teaching the courses of Immunology/Immunotherapy course, Cytogenetics course and Cancer genetics/gene therapy, Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy. 2- Teaching the Hematology course (RBCs, WBCs & Coagulation modules). 3- Supervise the undergraduates and postgraduate students ( Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology) to conduct their final researches and dissertations.

B\ Administrative activities:

1. Coordinator of Graduate Studies, School of Pharmacy. 2. Head of Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy. C\ Research activities:

1- Processing and improvement of locally produced DAT antigen for the diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis. 2- Haematological and Molecular characterization of haemoglobinopathy (mainly the Thalassaemia) in Sudanese. Lecturer

Duties:

A\ Teaching activities:

1-Teaching the theory of Hematology course (RBCs, WBCs & Coagulation modules) in different Medical Schools. 2-Teaching the practical course of haematology in different Medical Schools. 3- Teaching the course of basic immunology / school of health sciences. 4- Teaching the course of genetics / school of health sciences. 5- Supervise the undergraduate students to conduct their final dissertations. B\ Research activities:

1- Processing and improvement of locally produced DAT antigen for the diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis. 2- Haematological and Molecular characterization of haemoglobinopathy (especially the Thalassaemia) in Sudanese. Research Assistant

Duties:

1- Assist in the current projects.

2- Molecular diagnosis of TB (PCR for TB from different clinical samples). 3- Serological and microscopical diagnosis of Leishmaniasis from clinical clinical forms (VL, CL and Mucosal). 4- Trainer for undergraduates and postgraduates in different immunological and molecular techniques. 5- Technical advisor and assistance of the post graduate to conduct their researches. Visiting Lecturer

1. Al Yarmouk Univtersity, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Department of Hematology. Teaching the Hematology course

(RBCs, WBCs & Coagulation modules).

2. Sheikh Abdallah al-Badri University, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Department of Hematology. Teaching the Hematology course (RBCs, WBCs & Coagulation modules).

3. Elrazi Univtersity, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine. Teaching the Subject of Research Methodology and supervise the undergraduate students to conduct their final dissertations. Medical Laboratory Specialist

Dr. Hussam Ali Osman 2

1. Royal Care International Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Pathology, Department of Haematology (May 2011 - October 2012).

2. Awad Hussein Teaching Hospital, Omdurman al-Ardah, Department of Clinical Laboratory (February 2005 - March 2007 ). LICENSES / CERTIFICATION

Registration at Sudanese Council for Medical & Health professions as Medical Laboratory Specialist. SKILLS

1. Communication, Ability to Work Under Pressure, Decision Making, Time Management, Self-motivation, Conflict Resolution, Leadership and Adaptability.

2. Computer Skills: (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Internet, Access & SPSS) Excellent. 3. Languages:

Arabic (Native language) Excellent.

English language (Listening, Speaking, Writing, Grammar and etc…) Excellent. RESEARCH

INTERESTS

Molecular biology & Genetics.

Immunology & Immunohematology.

Cytogenetics & Karyotyping.

1. Experience Techniques:

Macrophage cell line culture.

DNA extraction with different methods.

Polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis and research (PCR) & RFLP. Protein purification & SDS-PAGE.

Lymphocyte isolation and stimulation.

Processing of Direct Agglutination Test Antigen for diagnosis and research. Animals experiments for research.

Isolation and cultures of Leishmania parasites from different clinical forms. WEBSITES

1. ORCID link: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2017-2331 2. Researchgate link: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hussam_Osman3 3. http://www.ahfad.edu.sd/Pharmacy/index.php/dr-hussam-ali-osman-balloula MANUSCRIPT PEER

REVIEW

Dr. Hussam Ali Osman 3

# 1 peer review for the "Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences": Year 2019. WORKSHOPS ATTENDED

1. ICGEB Meeting on “Mycobacterial heterogeneity and host tissue-tropism” New Delhi, India11 – 15 February 2020. 2. ICGEB Workshop on (Host-directed therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases) Cape Town, South Africa. 18-21 September 2017.

3. ICGEB theoretical and practical course on Basic Techniques of DNA Isolation, Manipulation and Applications, Lugbe, Abuja, Nigeria, from 11 – 22 June 2012.

4. ICGEB theoretical course “Mouse Genetics; Models for Human Diseases",Trieste, Italy from 22 – 25 February 2010. 5. ICGEB practical course "Application of Molecular diagnostic on human diseases, prevention and treatment", Damascus, Syria from 6 – 14 April 2009.

6. Molecular Entomology: Application of Molecular biology tools in characterization of medical insects – Tropical Medicine Research Institute- Khartoum, Sudan- September (2006).

7. Training course in laboratory diagnosis of Malaria, The Laboratories Administration Centre, Sudan- Khartoum state from 14 – 19 May 2005.

8. A workshop on "Data analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences" (SPSS), organized by the University Staff Training Centre at Ahfad Universiyu for Women, during the period 29th January 3rd February 2011 (25 contact hours). 9. Training course on "Research Skills Development", organized by the University Staff Training Centre at Ahfad Universiyu for Women, during the period 12th January 30th March 2014 (80 contact hours). Note:

ICGEB is the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, which is an international, nonprofit research organization. Established as a special project of UNIDO, it became fully autonomous in 1994 and now counts over 60 Member States. The ICGEB provides a scientific and educational environment of the highest standard and conducts innovative research in life sciences for the benefit of developing countries. It strengthens the research capability of its Members through training andfunding programmes and advisory services and represents a comprehensive approach to promoting biotechnology internationally.

The Centre is dedicated to advanced research and training in molecular biology and biotechnology and holds out the prospect of advancing knowledge and applying the latest techniques in the fields of biomedicine, crop improvement, environmental protection/remediation, biopharmaceuticals and biopesticide production. LIST OF CONFERENCE

PARTICIPATION

1. Young Scientists Conference on Genomics and Human Health in Africa during 2-7 December 2018 in Khartoum, Sudan. link: http://www.ghha.sd/2018/11/21/hussam-ali/

2. Conference of (Addressing the Burden of Diseases in Sudan through Scientific Collaboration between University of Khartoum, Ahfad University for Women and Imperial College London) 20-22 November 2018 in Khartoum, Sudan. 3. The 8th Annual Graduate Conference, Alneelain University January 2017, Khartoum, Sudan. Link: http://repository.neelain.edu.sd:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10234. 4. Second scientific conference of the Sudanese Society of Clinical Biology, Khartoum, Sudan- November (2007). Dr. Hussam Ali Osman 4

INTERNATIONAL

ACTIVITIES

Joining Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), Addis Ababa in January 2017 as trainer to establish the local production of the DAT antigen for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Jimma Road, Addisa Ababa, malaria & Neglected Tropical Diseases Research Unit which under the supervision of Dr. Endalamaw Gadisa (Phone +251-***-****** Email: adca2w@r.postjobfree.com) upon their request. SUPERVISION

M. Sc.:

1-Sahar Hasan Yousif, School of Graduate Studies / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B4), Ahfad University for Women

(2018). Research title: Association of ApoL1 Gene Polymorphism with end stage renal failure among Sudanese patients in Khartoum State.

2-Rowida Babiker Eltayeb Ahmed, School of Graduate Studies / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B4), Ahfad University for Women (2018). Research title: The impact of CYP2C9, VKORC1 and GGCX and clinical factors on warfarin dose requirements among Sudanese patients in Khartoum State.

3-Aala Elmaleeh. School of Graduate Studies / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B4), Ahfad University for Women (2018). Research title: Genetic Assessment of Helicobacter Pylori Resistant Strain to Clarithromycin in Gastric Biopsies Isolated from Unresponsive Patient for Treatment.

4-Abeer Hassan Mohammed Elhassan. School of Graduate Studies / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B4), Ahfad University for Women (2018). Research title: Evaluation of Lipids Profile in Positive Kala-Azar Patients Living in Visceral Leishmaniasis Endemic Area in Sudan.

5-Samira Seed Ahmed Mustafa. School of Graduate Studies / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B4), Ahfad University for Women (2018). Research title: Frequency of MDR-1 Multidrug Resistant Gene Polymorphism in Khartoum State. 6-Ekram Abd Elgaffar Sedig Alim. School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Evaluation of RBCs and RBCs Indices in Donors Referred to Central Blood Bank in Dongola City in North Sudan.

7-Rania Gamal Merghani. School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Detection of Red Blood Cells Alloimmunization in Multitransfused Chronic Renal Failure Patients on Dialysis in Northen State, Sudan 8-Nagla Abd Alhafeez Mohamed. School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Effects of Antiepileptic Drug (Valporic Acid) on Complete Blood Count Parameters among Sudanese Patients with Epileptic Episodes. 9-Mohamed Omer Habib Allah. School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Complete Haemogram and Serum Ferritein in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients referred to El-dweim Teaching Hospital.

10-Alkhansaa Abdalmnan Omer, School of Graduate Studies / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B5), Ahfad University for Women (2018). Research title: Evaluation of Anti-microbial Activity of Saussurea Lappa Roots Extract, Gc.Ms Analysis and Insilico Analysis on Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Staphylococcus Aureus. 11-Ranya MohamedGuma Salih Fagir Osman School of Graduate Studies / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B5), Ahfad University for Women (2019). Research title: Identification of genetic polymorphism of OprD Gene among Carbapenems Resistant Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (co-supervisor). BSc.

1-Malaz Hamid Mohammed Ahmed and Maria Merghani Musa Mohammed. School of Pharmacy / Ahfad University for Women (B.Sc. 2019). Research title: Effects of Sesamum Indicum Ethanolic Extract on Gram Positive and Negative Ampicillin Resistant Bacteria. 2-Doaa Aamir Mokhtar Elnour and Alaa Ahmed Mohammed Abdulhafeez. School of Pharmacy / Ahfad University for Women (B.Sc. Dr. Hussam Ali Osman 5

2018). Research title: Evaluation of Hypoglycaemic Activitg of Aloe Vera (Elsabar) Alcoholic Extract in White Albion Rats. 3-Mawda Alhaj Osman mohamed Ali. School of Pharmacy / Ahfad University for Women (B.Sc. 2018). Research title: Antibacterial Activity of Black Pepper (Pipper Nigrum) Seeds on Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus Isolate. 4-Fatima Mohamed & Hafsat Alhassan. School of Medicine. El-Razi University. (BSc. 2017) Research title: Effects of Tobacco on General Health in Tobacco User Students in El-Razi University. 5-Maryam Umar Imam & Mujahid Alsadig. School of Medicine. El-Razi University. (BSc. 2017) Research title: Evaluation of Tooth Decay in Patients attending El-Razi University Dental Clinic. 6-Ahmed Saad & Abba Auwal. School of Medicine. El-Razi University. (BSc. 2017) Research title: Medical Student Syndrome among Medical Students in El-Razi University & National University. 7-Rayan Anees Awad & Samah Alhadi Alkhider. School of Pharmacy. Ahfad University for Women (B.Sc. 2016). Research title: In vitro Anti Leishmanial Effects of Purslane Crude Extracts. 8-Monia O. Ali & Malaz O. Ali. School of Health Science. Ahfad University for Women. (B.Sc. 2015). Research title: The Effects of Portulaca oleracea Alcoholic Extract on Induced Hypercholesterolemia in Wister Albino Rats. 9-Elaf S.M. Salih & Fatima Ali H.Elsheikh. School of Pharmacy. Ahfad University for Women. (BSc. 2013). Research title: Hypoglycemic Effect of PortulacaOleracea.L (Rigla) In Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats. 10-Shahd A. said &Sahar A.F Eldai. School of Health Science. Ahfad University for Women. (BSc. 2013). Research title: Seroprevalence of Toxoplsmosis among Aborted Women in Omdurman New Hospital (Alsaudi Maternal Hospital). 11-SamahI.O.Mohmmed &Yathreb Mohammed. School of Health Science. Ahfad University for Women. (BSc. 2013). Research title: Prevalence of Anemia among Two to Fifteen Years Old Children in Omdurman Military Hospital. 12-Eptihal A. Eliass & Malaz Mohammed. School of Health Science. Ahfad University for Women. (BSc. 2013). Research title: Prevalence of Tooth Decay in Children Referred to the Military Dental Clinic. THESIS EXAMINATION

MSc.

1-Noha Khogaly Mohammed Elnor School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Evaluation of Prothrombin Time and Partial Thromboplastin Time in Patients with Liver Diseases Referred to Atbara Hospital. 2-Tahani Mohammed Altaib Ali School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Evaluation of Protein S Level in Ladies with Placental Complicated Pregnancy Attending Shendi Teaching Hospital.

3-Sahar Aldaleal Alnagar Yousif. School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Role of Activated Protein C Resistance in Complicated Pregnancy in Shendi City.

4-Alrowda Huzyfa Abd Elwahab Ali School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Normal Reference Values of Hematological Parameters among Adults Sudanese in Elmatama City.

5-Towheda Hussein Mohammed School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Evaluation of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in Malaria Infected Patients in Atbara City.

6-Hind Mahmoud Ibrahim School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Effects of Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) on Prothrombin Time and International Normalized Ratio in Consumers Volunteer Living in Shendi City. 7-Abdalhafeez Abozaid Mohammed School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Frequencies of RBCs Alloimmunization among Multi Transfused Patients Referred to Shendi Teaching Hospital.

Dr. Hussam Ali Osman 6

8-Abeer Hassan Elfaki Fadel Elseed School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Determination of Anemia Subtypes in Children from Six to Ten Years old Attending Almesiktab Hospital in Shendi City.

9-Eltigani Alshafea Al Hassan Saad School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Evaluation of Changes in Hematological Parameters and Iron Profile among Children with Schistosoma Haematobium Infection in Shendi Locality. 10-Hana Abaker Turab Mohammed School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Determination of Fetal Hemoglobin Level in Normal Pregnant Women Referred to Dar Elber Specialized Medical Center in Khartoum City. 11-Suhanda Mardi Hassan School of Graduate Studies / Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (B1) (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University (2018). Research title: Determination of Platelets Count and Mean Platelets Volume among Hypertensive Patients Living in Khartoum.

BSc.

1-Manal Badraldein Abdalraheem and Gida Mohmmed Taha. School of Pharmacy / Ahfad University for Women (B.Sc. 2019). Research title: Detection of Antimicrobial Adetives in Street Vendor Milk in Khartoum City. 2-Abeer Mudathir Babiker and Emtinan Kamaleldeen Basheer Abdullah. School of Pharmacy / Ahfad University for Women (B.Sc. 2019). Research title: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Soba Hospital. CURRENT

SUPERVISSION

MSc.

1-Ayat Abdelrahman Abakera Hassan / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B6), Ahfad University for Women (2019). Research title: Genetic Polymorphism of NAT2 in Tuberculosis Patients Infected Patients under Treatment with Isoniazid Referred to Abo Anga Hospital.

2-Rayan Elzubair Elzubair Elmalik / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B6), Ahfad University for Women (2019). Research title: K13-propeller polymorphism as a molecular marker of artemisinine-resistant in plasmodium falciparum malaria in Sudanese Patients

(co-supervisor)

3-Alshaima Ibrahim Bashir Ibrahim / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B6), Ahfad University for Women (2019). Research title: Cytochrome CYP2C19 Polymorphism in Sudanese Volunteers under Treatment with Omeprazole, A case control Study. 4-Asmaa Hassan Bushara Basheir / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B6), Ahfad University for Women (2019). Research title: Genetics Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi Isolate from Alyaa Hospital, Omdurman, Sudan

5-Yusraa Babiker Edris Mohammed / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B5), Ahfad University for Women (2019). Research title: Genetics Polymorphisms of dhps gene in Plasmodium falciparum isolated from malaria infected patients in Sudan. 6-Eman Yassin Osman Ahmed / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B5), Ahfad University for Women (2019). Research title: Genetics Polymorphisms of dhfr gene in Plasmodium falciparum isolated from malaria infected patients in Sudan. 7-Alaa Mohamed Yousif Mabrook / Master of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (B5), Ahfad University for Women (2019). Research title: Genetics Polymorphisms of pfmdr1 gene in Plasmodium falciparum isolated from malaria infected patients in Sudan. BSc.

1-Shoug Eltayeb Abdallah Eltayeb and Elaf Elamin Ali. School of Pharmacy / Ahfad University for Women (B.Sc. 2019). Research title: Identification of Azithromycin ermTR Resistant Gene in Streptococcus Pyogen Isolat from Sudanese patients Referred to Alyaa Hospital.

VISITING PROFESSORSHIP

Dr. Hussam Ali Osman 7

1. Master of Medical Laboratory Sciences (Haematology & Immunohematology), Shendi University. 2. Bachelor of Medical Laboratory Sciences (Haematology), Al Obaied University. 3. Bachelor of Medical Laboratory Sciences (Haematology), Kassala University. 4. Bachelor of Medical Laboratory Sciences (Haematology), Al Obaied University. 5. Bachelor of Medical Laboratory Sciences (Haematology), Sheikh Abdallah al-Badri University. 6. Bachelor of Medical Laboratory Sciences (Haematology), University of West Kordofan. PUPLICATIONS

1.Osman H.A, Hamid MMA, Ahmad RB, Saleem M, Abdallah SA. 2020. Prevalence of 3.7 and 4.2 Deletions in Sudanese Patients with Red Cells Hypochromia and Microcytosis. BMC Res Notes.10;13(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s13104-020-4933-5. 2.Harith AE, Awad Y, Mahamoud A, Abass E, Mansour D, Moura de Melo C, Madi RR, Semiao-Santos SJ, Osman H.A. 2020. Modifications in a reference freeze-dried direct agglutination test to improve visceral leishmaniasis detection. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 10. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0745.

3.Osman, H.A., Mahamoud, A., Abass, E.M., Madi, R.R., Semiao-Santos, S.J. and el Harith, A., 2016. Local production of a liquid direct agglutination test as a sustainable measure for control of visceral leishmaniasis in Sudan. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 94(5), pp.982-986.

4.Mohamed NS, Osman H.A., Muneer MS, Samy AM, Ahmed A, Mohammed AO, Siddig EE, Hamid MM, Ali MS, Omer RA, Elaagip AH. Identifying asymptomatic Leishmania infections in non-endemic villages in Gedaref state, Sudan. BMC research notes. 2019 Dec 1; 12(1):566.

5.Mohamed NS, Albsheer MM, Abdelbagi H, Siddig EE, Mohamed MA, Ahmed AE, Omer RA, Muneer MS, Ahmed A, Osman H.A., Ali MS. Genetic polymorphism of the N-terminal region in circumsporozoite surface protein of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from Sudan. Malaria Journal. 2019 Dec;18(1):1-0. 6.el Harith, A., Mahamoud, A., Awad, Y., Mansour, D., Abass, E.M., el Agib, A., Riscala Madi, R., Santos, S.J.S. and Osman, H.A., 2019, May. Are we now well prepared for another major visceral leishmaniasis epidemic in Sudan? In Open Forum Infectious Diseases.

7.Mahamoud, A., Osman, H.A., Abass, E.M., el Agib, A., Madi, R.R., Semiao-Santos, S.J. and el Harith, A., 2018. Identification of an area predominantly endemic for childhood and adolescent visceral leishmaniasis in central Sudan. Acta tropica, 178, pp.142-147. 8.Mahamoud, A., Awad, Y., Osman, H.A., el Agib, A., Madi, R.R., Semiao-Santos, S.J. and el Harith, A., 2018. User and environment friendly direct agglutination test for the sero-diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis: exclusion of formaldehyde and β-mercaptoethanol in test execution. Journal of medical microbiology, 67(12), pp.1731-1736. 9.Amin, M.A., Elsadig, A.M. and Osman, H.A., 2017. Evaluation of cathodic antigen urine tests for diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infection in Sudan. Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 5(1), p.56. 10.Mahamoud, A., Osman, H.A., Mansour, D. and el Harith, A., 2013. Successful substitution of fetal calf serum by human plasma for bulk cultivation of Leishmania donovani promastigotes. Journal of medical microbiology, 62(8), pp.1165-1169. REFERENCES

1.Professor: MOGAHID MOHAMED ELHASSAN (Medical Microbiologist) College of Applied Medical Sciences. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Taibah University, Almadenah Almonawarah.

Mob: 009**-*********. mails: adca2w@r.postjobfree.com and adca2w@r.postjobfree.com. 2.Professor: Suad Babiker (Obstetric Gynecologist) Dean School of Medicine, Ahfad University for Women Tel. +249******** mail: adca2w@r.postjobfree.com

Dr. Hussam Ali Osman 8

3.Professor: Waleed Mohamed Elamin (Molecular Biologist) Dean Faculty of Graduate Studies Elzaeem El Azhari University. Tel. +249-********* mail: adca2w@r.postjobfree.com

4.Professor: Abdallah el Harith (Microbiologist)

Head of Biomedical Research Laboratory, Ahfad University for Women Tel: +249********* mail: adca2w@r.postjobfree.com 5.Professor: Sana Eltahir Abdallah (Pathologist)

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alneelain University Tel. +249-********* mail. adca2w@r.postjobfree.com

6.Asso. Professor: Adila Salih El-Obeid (Molecular Biologist) Department of Biotechnology, Ahfad University for Women Tel. +249********* mail: adca2w@r.postjobfree.com Dr. Hussam Ali Osman 9

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