Signal Processing Quality

KISHAN SHENOI

***** ***** ***** ****, ********, CA 95070

1-408-***-****; 1-408-***-****(alt)

abkhqj@r.postjobfree.com

Summary

Recognized expert in digital signal processing (DSP) and applying DSP in

diverse fields such as telecommunications and synchronization and timing.

Proficient in idea generation and concept development as exemplified by

forty issued patents. Accomplished at dissemination of technical

information and providing simple explanations for complex phenomena.

Skilled contributor to standards bodies, and at utilizing standards to

achieve a competitive advantage.

Employment History

. Shenoi Consulting, Saratoga, CA (2006 - present ): Principal Consultant

. Floreat Inc., Saratoga, CA (2006 - present ): Chief Technology Officer

. Symmetricom, Inc., San Jose, CA (1992 - 2006): Chief Technologist, R&D.

. DSC Communications Corp., Santa Clara, CA (1983 - 1992): Director,

Engineering.

. ITT Advanced Technology Center, Shelton, CT (1977 - 1983): Principal

Member Technical Staff.

. Stanford Electronics Labs, Stanford University, CA (1973 - 1977):

Research Assistant.

Education

. Ph.D., Stanford University (Stanford, California, USA), 1977.

. M.S., Columbia University (New York, New York, USA), 1973.

. B.TECH., Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) (New Delhi, India), 1972.

Design Innovations - Examples

o A/D and D/A converters based on over-sampling methods.

Invented switched-capacitor delta-sigma-modulator A/D converters (US

Pat. No. 4,439,756, issued 1984)

o Advanced DSP algorithms for echo-control, comfort noise generation,

voice-activity detection (VAD) and smooth digital speech interpolation

(DSI).

o ATDS - method for distributing a timing reference - applicable in

SONET/SDH.

o DSP-based radio receivers in PRS applications - CDMA and dual-GRI-

LORAN.

o Bonding engine. Logical concatenation of multiple ATM channels to

emulate a high-speed channel. Implemented in multi-line SHDSL unit

(GoWide ).

o Proof-of-Concept system for cell phone location (GSM) based on handset

observed time-difference of arrival.

o Range extender unit for ADSL (GoLong ). Expanded radius of ADSL

coverage.

R&D Leadership

Reliably completed developments on schedule. Led teams and contributed

individually.

o Transmultiplexer TM7400-M4 (fourth generation). Bilateral conversion

between Group (12-chan SSB-FDM) and DS1 (24-chan 1.544 Mb/s). Success

was predicated on meeting an aggressive schedule. M4 was Granger's most

lucrative product (>$250M). Team size varied from 8 to 15 engineers.

o CP2000 Intelligent T1 multiplexer. Voice and data networking equipment.

First truly network-compatible T1 multiplexer combining voice compression

and sub-rate multiplexing.

o TC421 Voice compression (4 DS1s to 1 DS1). High voice quality maintained

by using combination of DSI and VBR-ADPCM. Demonstrated superiority over

other 4:1 compression devices.

o EC24 Echo canceller (third generation). Completed in record time with

only three engineers and very limited budget.

Patents

40 issued patents. Most recent issued December 2009. Expert witness in

patent litigation (Markman and jury). Proficient in writing patent

specifications and disclosures.

Publications:

The book "Digital Signal Processing in Telecommunications" (Prentice Hall,

1995, ISBN 0-13-096751-3) is based on my lectures and R&D efforts.

Another, "Synchronization and Timing in Telecommunications" (ISBN 1-4392-

2632-6) is available from Amazon.com. Numerous publications in Journals,

Conferences and Workshops.

Marketing Communications:

Marketing/Sales relied on me for writing white papers and providing

technical content for customer presentations.

Teaching experience

Instructor in UC Berkeley Extension Program; taught Communication Theory

and Digital Signal Processing (from 1985). Served as "Professor Sync" and

Dean of SyncUniversity (www.syncuniversity.org).

Standards Bodies

Active in ATIS and ITU-T. Principal contributor to the Technical Report:

Synchronization for Packet Networks (in ATIS-OPTXS-SYNC). Numerous

contributions to ITU-T and ATIS for packet-based timing methods.

Developing QoE metrics for IPTV (ATIS-IIF-QoSM)

Workshops and Conferences

Co-chair of Technical Committee for NIST-ATIS-IEEE Workshop on

Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems (WSTS '05, '06, '07, '08,

'09, '10).

Current R&D Activities

I am currently involved in research and development in various areas

including the following:

a. xoIP - delivery of various services over IP including voice, video,

FAX, modem, etc., primarily from the viewpoint of digital signal

processing

b. Quality of Service (QoS) metrics - [aka QoSM] - quantitative measures

based on synchronization and timing concepts together with DSP for

establishing QoS and QoE (Quality of Experience) (for audio and video)

c. Developing and testing synchronization_over_packet - methods and

techniques including generation and analysis of synthetic packet-delay-

variation (PDV) sequences, linear and non-linear phase- and frequency-

locked loops (PLLs and FLLs), including DSP-based methods and

techniques

d. Developing techniques for monitoring packet networks with emphasis on

congestion detection

e. Developing methods and techniques for jitter and wander control for

high-speed communications (SDH/SONET/Synchronous-Ethernet)

f. Developing methods and techniques for frequency generation

(principally based on DDS) with emphasis on low spurs and low phase

noise

g. General applications and implications of multiplexing in

telecommunications

h. Various codecs for voice and video

i. Soft modems (e.g. V.34, V.32, V.17, etc.)

j. Echo cancellation (line and acoustic)

k. Enhanced jitter buffers

l. Video-Audio lip-synch for multi-media calls

m. Collaborative usage of GPS and packet-based time-transfer

n. General telecommunications - switching and transmission; methods and

techniques

o. Draft of book: Synchronization and Timing in Telecommunications

(Second Edition)

APPENDIX - Patents and Publications

Patents

40 issued US patents listed below:

1. Pat. No. 4,268,727, "Adaptive Digital Echo Cancellation Circuit".

Issued May 19, 1981.

2. Pat. No. 4,270,026, "Interpolator Apparatus for increasing the word

rate of a digital signal of the type employed in digital telephone

systems". Issued May 26, 1981.

3. Pat. No. 4,270,027, "Telephone subscriber line unit with sigma-delta

digital to analog converter". Issued May 26, 1981.

4. Pat. No. 4,272,648, "Gain control apparatus for digital telephone line

circuits". Issued June 9, 1981.

5. Pat. No. 4,302, 631, "Decimator apparatus for decreasing the word rate

of a digital signal of the type employed in digital telephone

systems". Issued Nov. 24, 1981.

6. Pat. No. 4,439,756, "Delta-sigma modulator with switched capacitor

implementation". Issued Mar. 27, 1984.

7. Pat. No. 4,476,435, "Digital demodulation of frequency modulated

signals". Issued Oct. 9, 1984.

8. Pat. No. 4,528,551, "Digital-to-analog converter employing sigma-delta

modulation for use in telephone systems". Issued July 9,1985.

9. Pat. No. 5,007,086, "Apparatus and method for generating low level

noise signals". Issued April 9, 1991.

10. Pat. No. 5,029,204, "Operation status controller for echo canceling".

Issued July 2, 1991.

11. Pat. No. 5,065,395, "Rudimentary Digital Speech Interpolation

Apparatus and Method". Issued Nov. 12, 1991.

12. Pat. No. 5,148,426, "Integrated Echo cancelling multiplexer". Issued

Sept. 15, 1992.

13. Pat. No. 5,151,901, "DS1 trunk packing and unpacking apparatus and

method". Issued Sept. 29, 1992.

14. Pat. No. 5,159,279, "Apparatus and method for detecting out-of-lock

condition in a phase-locked-loop". Issued Oct. 27, 1992.

15. Pat. No. 5,280,532, "N:1 bit compression apparatus and method".

Issued Jan. 18, 1994.

16. Pat. No. 5,327,495, "Apparatus and method for controlling an echo

canceller". Issued July 5, 1994.

17. Pat. No. No. 5,638,379, 'Encoding system for distribution of

synchronization'. Issued June 10, 1997.

18. Pat. No. 5,764,704, "DSP implementation of a cellular base station

receiver". Issued June 9,1998.

19. Pat. No. No. 5,768.355, "Three-way call detection System". Issued

June 16, 1998.

20. Pat. No. 5,828,670, "Distribution of synchronization in a synchronous

optical environment". Issued Nov. 27, 1998

21. Pat. No. 6,490,296, "Multi-link segmentation and reassembly for

bonding multiple PVC's in an inverse multiplexing arrangement". Issued

Dec. 3, 2002.

22. Pat. No. 6,507,606, "Asymmetric digital subscriber line methods

suitable for long loops". Issued Jan. 14, 2003.

23. Pat. No. 6,512,803, " Global Positioning System receiver capable of

functioning in the presence of interference". Issued Jan. 28, 2003.

24. Pat. No. 6,549,604, "Clock recovery and the detection of rapid phase

transients". Issued Apr. 15, 2003.

25. Pat. No. 6,707,329, "Clock recovery and the detection of rapid phase

transients". Issued Mar. 16, 2004.

26. Pat. No. 6,724,835, "Carrier Tracking Method". Issued Apr. 20, 2004.

27. Pat. No. 6,829,292, "Increasing gain with isolating upstream and

downstream filters and amplifiers". Issued Dec. 7, 2004.

28. Pat. No. 6,842,426, "Fault detection for subscriber loop repeaters".

Issued Jan. 11, 2005.

29. Pat. No. 6,842,498,"Global positioning system ". Issued Jan. 11,

2005.

30. Pat. No. 7,039,103, "Asymmetric digital subscriber line methods

suitable for long subscriber loops". Issued May 2, 2006.

31. Pat. No. 7,130,332, "Pilot tracking for synchronization using

correlation between digital signal and locally generated version of PN

signal". Issued Oct. 31, 2006.

32. Pat. No. 7,142,619, "Long subscriber loops using automatic gain

control mid-span extender unit". Issued Nov. 28, 2006.

33. Pat. No. 7,158,523, "Multi-link segmentation and reassembly sublayer

for bonding asynchronous transfer mode permanent virtual circuits".

Issued Jan. 2, 2007.

34. Pat. No. 7,161,953, "Bonding multiple G.shdsl links". Issued Jan. 9,

2007.

35. Pat. No. 7,310,310, "Multi-link SAR for bonding ATM cell-streams".

Issued December 18, 2007.

36. Pat. No. 7,349,401, "Bonded G.shdsl links for ATM backhaul

applications". Issued Mar. 25, 2008.

37. Pat. No. 7,366,286, "Modified asymmetric digital subscriber line for

use with long loops". Issued Apr. 29, 2008.

38. Pat. No. 7,382,845, "Distribution of synchronization in an Ethernet

local area network environment". Issued June 3, 2008.

39. Pat. No. 7,535,900, "Multiple transmission bandwidth streams with

differentiated quality of service". Issued May 19, 2009.

40. Pat. No. 7,636,022, "Adaptive play-out buffers and clock operation in

packet networks". Issued Dec. 22, 2009.

Publications

1. "A Hilbert space approach to linear predictive analysis of speech

signals," Tech. Rep. No. 3606-10, Feb. 1974, Center for Radar

Astronomy, Stanford Electronics Labs.

2. "Comments on 'Synthesis of spectrum shaping filters of recursive

design'," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems, vol. CAS-22, Nov. 1975.

3. "Quadratic residues: applications to chirp filters and discrete Fourier

transforms, "First International Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and

Signal Processing, Philadelphia, 1976.

4. "On the least-squares designs of recursive digital filters," IEEE

Trans. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-24, No.

4, Aug. 1976

5. "On the design of recursive digital filters," IEEE Trans. on Circuit

and Systems, Vol. CAS-23, No. 8, Aug. 1978.

6. "Design and applications of digital filters," Ph.D Thesis, Stanford

University, June 1977.

7. "The many flavors of T1 compatibility," Network World, May 18, 1987.

8. "A structure suitable for implementing digital filters with poles near

z=+1," Conference Record, National Telecommunications Conference. Los

Angeles, 1977.

9. "Recursive digital filters implemented by digital incremental

computers," Proc. of 20-th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

10. "Digital filter structures having low errors and simple hardware

implementation, " IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems, vol. CAS-25,

No.8, Aug. 1978.

11. " M-adic invariant filters," Third International Conf. on Acoustics,

Speech, and Signal Processing, Tulsa, 1978

12. "Performance of 13- bit, 14-bit, ?-law, and A-law PCM coders,"

International Conference on Digital Signal Processing, Florence,

Italy, 1978.

13. "On the design of recursive lowpass digital filters," Fourth

International Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,

Washington D.C., 1979.

14. "On the design of recursive lowpass digital filters," IEEE Trans. on

Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Vol. ASSP-28, No. 1, Feb.

1980.

15. "Non-elliptical equiripple digital lowpass filters, "First European

Signal Processing Conference, Lausanne. Switzerland, 1980.

16. "Selection of a coder for digital switching," IEEE Trans. on

Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Vol. ASSP-28, No. 5, Oct.

1980.

17. "M-adic (polyadic) invariance and its applications," IEEE Trans. On

Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Vol. ASSP-29, No. 2, April

1981.

18. "A design algorithm for constrained digital filters," IEEE Trans. on

Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Vol. ASSP-30, April 1982.

19. "Specification-based design of ? for A/D and D/A conversion,

"Proceedings International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal

Processing (ICAA P), Paris, 1982.

20. "Design methodology for sigma-delta-modulators," IEEE Trans. on

Communications, Vol. COM-31, March 1983.

21. "An echo canceller with 6-channel capability," ISSCC Digest of

Technical Papers, Feb. 1988.

22. "Custom VLSI echo canceler with multichannel capability," Thirteenth

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,

New York, April 1988.

23. "Nonlinear compensation for finite wordlength effects of an LMS echo

canceler algorithm suitable for VLSI," Thirteenth International

Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, New York,

April 1988.

24. "Distribution of timing in a SONET environment," National Fiber Optic

Engineers Conference, NFOEC, Boston. 1995.

25. "Broadband everywhere - breaking the three mile barrier," presentation

at the DSL World Forum, Chicago, July, 2001.

26. "Broadband everywhere - Extenders double serving distance for ADSL",

presentation at the Last Mile Conference, Las Vegas, Oct., 2001.

27. "Spanning the capacity gap - key issues in deploying multi-link

G.shdsl", presentation at DSLCON, Munich, Nov. 2001.

28. "ADSL Extension". Selected paper in International Engineering

Consortium, Comprehensive Report titled Broadband Access and Services

in the Local Loop. 2002, ISBN 0-931695-10-5.

29. "Digital Copper for delivering converged services". Selected paper in

International Engineering Consortium, Comprehensive Report titled

Business of Broadband: Access and Applications, Fall 2002.

30. "Off-the-air references for Primary Reference Sources - CDMA", NIST-

T1X1 Workshop on Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems (WSTS),

Boulder, Mar. 2003.

31. "Carrier class (atomic) clocks", Telcordia National Synchronization

Workshop, San Francisco, Apr. 2003.

32. "Business class services over SHDSL", IIR xDSL Summit, Nice, France,

June, 2003.

33. "Synchronization implications for circuit emulation services in a

packet network", NIST-T1X1 Workshop on Synchronization in

Telecommunications Systems (WSTS), Boulder, Feb. 2004.

34. "Synchronization implications in VoIP", NIST-T1X1 Workshop on

Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems (WSTS), Boulder, Feb.

2004.

35. "Synchronization implications for circuit emulation services in a

packet network", Telcordia National Synchronization Workshop, New

Orleans, May. 2004.

36. "VoIP protocols, Quality of Experience, and FAX/modem issues",

Telcordia National Synchronization Workshop, New Orleans, May 2004.

37. "Synchronization issues in ATM networks", International

Telecommunications Synchronization Forum (ITSF), London, Nov. 2004.

38. "Synchronization issues in VoIP", International Telecommunications

Synchronization Forum (ITSF), London, Nov. 2004.

39. "Performance Requirements for the 21st Century Telecommunications

Network", 21st Century Communications World Forum, London, Feb.

2005.

40. "Synchronization implications of providing Circuit Emulation Services

in an IP Network", NFOEC/OFC, Anaheim, California, March 2005.

41. "Synchronization in 3G Wireless Networks", Telcordia National

Synchronization Workshop, Dallas, April 2005.

42. "Achieving Circuit Switched Quality in an IP/MPLS Network", Telcordia

National Synchronization Workshop, Dallas, April 2005.

43. "VoIP Quality of User Experience", Telcordia National Synchronization

Workshop, Dallas, April 2005.

44. "Cesium as a PRS", NIST-ATIS Workshop on Synchronization in

Telecommunications Systems (WSTS), Boulder, May 2005.

45. "Achieving Circuit Switched Quality in an IP/MPLS Network", NIST-ATIS

Workshop on Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems (WSTS),

Boulder, May 2005.

45. "VoIP Quality of User Experience", NIST-ATIS Workshop on

Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems (WSTS), Boulder, May

2005.

47. "Precise synchronization: How to achieve circuit-switching performance

in IP/MPLS networks", Telephony Online (telephonyonline.com), Aug.

2005.

48. "All Paths Lead Back to Cesium", appeared in two online magazines,

commsdesign.com and wirelessnetdesign.com (Oct., 2005).

49. "Sync for Support of Legacy Services", International

Telecommunications Synchronization Forum (ITSF), London, Oct. 2005.

50. "Timing the Triple Play", xchangemag.com (Feb. 2006).

51. "Using 1588 hardware as a PDV measurement tool", NIST-ATIS Workshop on

Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems (WSTS), Boulder, Mar.

2006.

52. "Applications enabled when a reference clock is available at end-

points", NIST-ATIS Workshop on Synchronization in Telecommunications

Systems (WSTS), Boulder, Mar. 2006.

53. "Fundamental Need for Synchronization at the Analog-Digital Boundary",

TelecomNext, Las Vegas, Mar. 2006.

54. "Using 1588 hardware as a PDV measurement tool", Telcordia National

Synchronization Workshop, Nashville, May 2006.

55. "Applications enabled when a reference clock is available at end-

points", Telcordia National Synchronization Workshop, Nashville, May

2006.

56. "Accurate clocks optimize network service", EDN, August 2006.

57. "Eliminating the need for PRS-traceability in voice-band-over-IP",

NIST-ATIS Workshop on Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems

(WSTS), Boulder, Mar. 2007.

58. "Synthetic PDV sequences", NIST-ATIS Workshop on Synchronization in

Telecommunications Systems, Boulder, Mar. 2007.

59. "Fundamental Need for Synchronization in Telecommunications", NIST-

ATIS-IEEE Workshop on Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems

(WSTS), Boulder, May 2008.

60. "ITU-T Recommendation G.8261", NIST-ATIS-IEEE Workshop on

Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems (WSTS), Boulder, May

2008.

61. "Synchronization in Telecommunications", Government Synch Workshop GSW-

08, Sep. 2008.

62. "Sync Metrics in Packet Networks - for Packet-based Methods", NIST-ATIS-

IEEE Workshop on Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems (WSTS),

Boulder, Mar. 2009.

63. "WSTS-09 - Overview and Summary", NIST-ATIS-IEEE Workshop on

Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems (WSTS), Boulder, Mar.

2009.

64. "Sync Metrics in Packet Networks - for Packet-based Methods", NIST-ATIS-

Telcordia Workshop on Synchronization in Telecommunications Systems

(WSTS), Boulder, Mar. 2010.

Three presentations developed for clients (ITSF 2007, WSTS 2008) are not

included in the above.

The following books are based partly on class notes for the various courses

I have taught, and on my research and development efforts through 2009:

a) Digital Signal Processing in Telecommunications, Prentice-Hall,

1995.ISBN 0-13-096751-3.

b) Synchronization and Timing in Telecommunications, 2009. ISBN 978-1-

4392-2632-2.

Authored/co-authored the following Symmetricom White Papers (available at

www.symmetricom.com):

i. ADSL Synchronization - Enhancing Network Performance with Precise

Timing

ii. Enabling Real Time Services in IP/MPLS Networks

iii. Synchronization in 3G Networks Based on the Universal Mobile

Telecommunication System (UMTS)

iv. Location of Mobile Handsets - The Role of Synchronization and Location

Monitoring Units

v. Synchronization for Improving VoIP Quality

vi. Timing Networks with Cesium Atomic Clocks

vii. Timing and Synchronization in Next-Generation Networks

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