Biomedical Engineer, PhD

Vivek Krishna Nagarajan

#**** ***** ****** **, *** 609 Akron, Ohio, 44310 716-***-**** ************.*@****.*** Education:

PhD in Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, 2017

MS in Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, 2013

BE in Biomedical Engineering, Manipal University, 2010 Experience:

Doctoral (2013-2017*):

Designed and developed integrated fiber-optic probes for monitoring thermal tissue damage

Strategized a 3-year plan to develop systems and investigate the continuous changes in tissue optical properties during thermal ablation

Constituted a team of 6 professors to supervise and advise on the tissue damage project

Fabricated biocompatible side-firing integrated fiber-optic probes for measuring temperature and diffuse reflectance spectra from ex vivo and in vivo tissues

Utilized forward and inverse Monte-Carlo model for light propagation in turbid media to extract tissue optical properties from diffuse reflectance measurements

Conducted several tissue-phantom experiments to evaluate probe performances

Designed and executed several experiments to study relationship between tissue damage and changes in tissue optical properties

Utilized LabVIEW, MATLAB, JMP to record, process and analyze the measured data

Presented technical data to large audiences in SPIE, BMES and ASLMS conferences

Designed and implemented a system for fabricating and testing Fabry-Perot interferometric temperature sensor

Designed and developed cost-effective and smart fiber-optic probes for screening cervical cancer

Trained undergraduate students to fabricate diaphragm-based Fabry-Perot interferometric pressure sensor using high power laser

Designed and implemented a cost-effective, space-saving system for testing pressure sensors

Invented an integrated fiber-optic system for obtaining high-resolution micro-endoscopic images and spectroscopic data from biological tissues (WO 201-***-**** A1)

Assembled a bench-top fluorescence micro-endoscopic system for visualizing tissue at cellular level

Designed probe-tips using SolidWorks

Entrepreneurial lead for NSF sponsored commercialization training programs such as ICORP sites and ICORP@Ohio program

o Conducted over 75 customer interviews to study customer archetypes and customer ecosystem

o Interacted with a team of industry mentors, PIs, business majors to construct business model canvas, identify value propositions, prepare workflow diagram and discover customer segments

o Conducted market research to evaluate total available market, served market and target market

o Delivered entrepreneurial pitches to audiences at ICORP@Ohio, LEAP, ICORP@Ohio showcase event and ICORPsites

Designed, developed and conducted animal experiments to test usability of visible spectroscopic system for monitoring tumor hypoxia

Fabricated, calibrated and tested a side-firing fiber-optic probed for continuously measuring tumor oxygenation

Planned experiment protocols and used LabVIEW and MATLAB to efficiently record and analyze measured data

Master’s Thesis (2010-2013):

Designed and developed a cost-effective portable fluorescence-assisted cell count device

Invented a cost-effective fluorescence-assisted cell count device for quantitative and/or qualitative measurement of fluorescently tagged particles (US 201******** A1)

Designed optical geometries for optimal placement of source-detector around cell-culture system

Cultured L929 fibroblasts, fluorescently labeled them for device testing

Utilized fluorescence microscopes and plate reader for data validation

Utilized MATLAB and SAS for statistical analysis

Prepared collagen gels and used rheometry to characterize gel stiffness Undergraduate (2006-2010):

Computer-aided diagnosis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy at Indian institute of technology

(IIT, Kharagpur)

Developed and implemented image processing algorithms for diagnosing and staging proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Familiarized with using statistical methods for validation of image processing algorithms Designed and developed a cost-effective sensor to detect skin pigmentation-related diseases

Familiarized with device prototyping, testing and troubleshooting

Utilized PSPICE to design and simulate electrical circuits Interned at MNE technologies to assist biomedical engineers at Manipal hospital

Assisted engineers with troubleshooting and maintenance of critical medical equipment

Performed planned preventive maintenance (PPM) on various medical equipment Awards & Achievements:

Received dean’s graduate fellowship for outstanding graduate students, 2015

NSF ICORP@Ohio certification for commercialization training, 2015

Biomedical engineering co-president (BMES Akron chapter), 2014-2015 Patents:

1. Fluorescence-assisted counting apparatus for qualitative and/or quantitative measurements of fluorescently tagged particles. US 201******** A1

2. A smartphone endoscope system. WO 201-***-**** A1 Publications: (total citations- 97)

1. Nagarajan VK and Bing Yu. "Monitoring of tissue optical properties during thermal coagulation of ex vivo tissues" Lasers in surgery and medicine, 2016. 2. Nagarajan VK and Bing Yu, “Changes in Optical Properties During Heating of ex vivo Liver Tissues”, SPIE BiOS. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2017. 3. Nagarajan VK and Bing Yu, “Continuous Changes in Optical Properties During Thermal Ablation of ex vivo Liver Tissues”, Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2017.(under review) 4. Nagarajan VK and Bing Yu, “Association of Continuous Changes in Optical Properties and Thermal Tissue Damage in ablated ex vivo Liver Tissues”, 2017.(under preparation) 5. Nagarajan VK and Bing Yu, “Real-time Monitoring of Thermal Tissue Damage in ex vivo Porcine Kidney using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy”, Biomedical engineering society, BMES 2016. 6. Nagarajan VK and Bing Yu. "Real-time monitoring of thermal damage in ex vivo tissues using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy”, Biological Imaging session, American society for laser medicine and surgery, ASLMS 2015.

7. Nagarajan VK and Bing Yu, “Changes in tissue optical properties during thermal ablation of ex vivo pork tissues” National technical association, NTA2014. 8. Hong Xiangqian, Nagarajan VK et al. "Smartphone microendoscopy for high resolution fluorescence imaging" arXiv preprint arXiv:1603.01928 (2016). 9. Yu Bing, Vivek Krishna Nagarajan, and Daron G. Ferris. "Mobile fiber-optic sensor for detection of oral and cervical cancer in the developing world" Mobile Health Technologies: Methods and Protocols (2015): 155-170.

10. Yu Bing, Amy Shah, and Vivek Nagarajan. "Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of epithelial tissue with controlled probe-to-tissue pressure" Biomedical Optics. Optical Society of America, 2014. 11. Yu Bing, Daron G ferris, Yang Liu and Vivek Nagarajan. "Emerging optical techniques for detection of oral, cervical and anal cancer in low-resource settings" Austin J Biomed Eng 1.2

(2014): 1007.

12. R.Girish Singh, Vivek Krishna Nagarajan, and Chandan Chakraborty. "Small retinal vessels extraction towards proliferative diabetic retinopathy screening" Elsevier, Expert Systems with Applications 39.1 (2012): 1141-1146.

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